Such, in deed, is no safe refuge; such is not the refuge supreme. Not by resorting to such a refuge is one released from all suffering.
Trái lại, quy y Phật, Pháp, Tăng, phát trí tuệ chơn chánh, hiểu thấu Bốn lẽ mầu: Biết khổ, biết khổ ________________ 25 Thọ thần: Thọ chi đề (Rkkhacetya) là “ thọ miếu”, vị thọ thần của Ấn Độ tín ngưỡng, lấy cây làm đối tượng sùng bái, như đối với tháp miếu vậy. nhân, biết khổ diệt, và biết Tám chi Thánh đạo (26) diệt trừ hết khổ não. Đó là chỗ quy y an ổn, là chỗ quy y tối thượng. Ai quy y được như vậy, giải thoát hết khổ đau. Driven only by fear, do men go for refuge to many places – to hills, woods, groves, trees and shrines. Such, indeed, is no safe refuge; such is not the refuge supreme. Not bu resorting to such a refuge is one released from all suffering. He who has gone for refuge to the Buddha, his Teaching and his Order, penetrates with transcendental wisdom the Four Noble Truths – suffering, the cause of suffering, the cessation of suffering, and the Noble Eightfold Path leading to the cessation of suffering. This indeed is the safe refuge, this is the refuge supreme. Having gone to such a refuge, one is released from all suffering.
Deep Commentary
This verse was taught at Jetavana Monastery regarding the Brahmin Aggidatta. Aggidatta, a former royal priest, led a large group of followers in worshipping mountains, forests, and trees as supreme refuges. The Buddha, through the miraculous intervention of Maudgalyayana, demonstrated that these external spirits are not the ultimate sanctuary. The Buddha explained that only the Triple Gem—the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha—provides a true path to liberation. He further emphasized that while the Triple Gem serves as a guide, individuals must cultivate their own wisdom and practice the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path to attain freedom from suffering, as external reliance without personal practice is futile.
This verse from the Dhammapada, Chapter 14, Verse 189, highlights that seeking refuge in external objects like hills, woods, trees, or shrines, often driven by fear, does not lead to true liberation from suffering.
As the story of Aggidatta illustrates, these external forms of worship are not the ultimate sanctuary. The Buddha teaches that genuine refuge lies in the Triple Gem: the Buddha (the enlightened one), the Dharma (his teachings), and the Sangha (the community of practitioners). However, merely taking refuge is not enough. One must also cultivate wisdom and deeply understand the Four Noble Truths—suffering, its cause, its cessation, and the path to its cessation (the Noble Eightfold Path)—through personal practice. Only by engaging with these profound truths can one truly be released from all suffering.
What does "true refuge" mean to you in your practice?
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